The transport layer puts its header in the beginning and sends this complete packet (TCP-header + app-data) to the IP layer.The application layer sends the data (to be transferred to remote destination ) to the transport layer.Another point worth noting here is how the data is packed in TCP/IP suite. If an IP datagram encounters some error at the destination or at some intermediate host (while traveling from source to destination) then the IP datagram is generally discarded and an ICMP error message is sent back to the source.Īs can be seen from the image above, the IP protocol sits at the layer-2 of TCP/IP protocol suite ie the Internet layer. It is connection less in the sense that no state related to IP datagrams is maintained either on source or destination side and it is unreliable in the sense that it not guaranteed that an IP data gram will get delivered to the destination or not. IP is connection less and unreliable protocol. It is in the form of IP datagrams that all the TCP, UDP, ICMP and IGMP data travels over the network. IP protocol is one of the main protocols in the TCP/IP stack.
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